Hf, Hafnium Ore Mineral Analysis

Hafnium is a shiny, silvery gray transition metal. It is rarely found free in nature. It is generally present in zirconium mineral at a concentration of up to five percent. In fact, this element is chemically very similar to zirconium. It is very difficult to separate these two elements. Commercially hafnium is produced as a by-product of zirconium refining.

Hafnium is used in the nuclear energy industry. It is also used in the making of electronic equipment, ceramics, bulbs and super alloys. It forms an oxide film on exposed surfaces and is therefore highly resistant to corrosion. In fact, it is not affected by any alkali and acid except water, air and hydrogen fluoride.

Hafnium is highly corrosion resistant and is an excellent neutron absorber. This feature allows it to be used in nuclear submarines and nuclear reactor control rods. At the same time, hafnium is used in the production of electronic equipment such as cathodes and capacitors, ceramic, photo flash bulbs and bulb filaments.

Hafnium is widely alloyed with other metals such as titanium, iron, niobium and tantalum. For example, heat-resistant hafnium and niobium alloys are used in aerospace applications, such as space rocket engines.

A feature of Hafnium is that it can ignite spontaneously in powder form.

Hafnium is combined with other elements to make compounds that can withstand very high temperatures. For example, hafnium is combined with niobium and a highly heat-resistant compound is produced. This compound is used in rocket engines. Other compounds are used in blast furnaces. Or the compound (hafnium carbide) obtained when combined with hafnium carbon has a melting point of 3890 degrees.

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