The ASTM D256 test covers the determination of the resistance of plastics to standardized pendulum hammers in breaking standard samples with a single pendulum swing mounted on standardized machines. Standard tests for these test methods require specimens made with milled notches.
In Test Methods A, C, and D, notch produces a stress concentration that increases the likelihood of a brittle fracture rather than ductile. In Test Method E, impact resistance is obtained by inverting the notched specimen by 180° in the clamping vise. The results of all test methods are reported in terms of energy absorbed per unit of sample width or per unit of cross-sectional area under the notch.
The Notched Izod Effect is a single point test that measures material resistance to impact from a swinging pendulum. The isode impact is defined as the kinetic energy required to initiate fracture and maintain fracture until the specimen breaks. Izode specimens are notched to prevent deformation of the specimen upon impact. This test can be used as a quick and easy quality control check to determine if a material meets certain impact properties or to compare materials for overall toughness.
The specimen is clamped to the pendulum impact test fixture with the notched side facing the striking edge of the pendulum. The pendulum is released and allowed to strike the sample. If breakage does not occur, a heavier hammer is used until failure occurs. Because many materials (especially thermoplastics) exhibit lower impact strength at lower temperatures, it is sometimes appropriate to test at temperatures that simulate the materials' intended end-use environment.
Values stated in SI units should be accepted as standard. Values in parentheses are for information only.
This standard is not meant to address all safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to determine appropriate safety and health practices prior to use and to determine the applicability of regulatory restrictions.
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