ASTM D4169 Test

ASTM Tests

ASTM D4169 Test

ASTM D4169 Transport Containers and Systems Performance Test

The scope of the ASTM D4169 package test is to provide the ability to evaluate transport units based on the distribution environment. To achieve this, the standard outlines the test plan for the expected hazards.

ASTM D4169 Test

ASTMD-4169 packaging tests require that all test samples be samples of complete transport units. Units must contain actual content. Dummy test loads are acceptable if the test of the real product is dangerous.

It is very important that the test samples do not deteriorate while going to the laboratory. This includes both the product and the package. If there is any doubt, the product should be repackaged in a new package.

The number of test cycles will depend on the purposes of the test and the availability of duplicate products and shipping containers. ASTM D-4169 test recommends repeating the test to increase the reliability of the test results.

Transport units should not be opened until the test units are completed. If the test is for research and development, the containers can be opened periodically. This can help determine the ability of the package to get rid of certain tests.

The procedure for ASTMD-4169 tests includes the following steps:

  • 1.Define the shipping unit in terms of size, weight and construction. It should also be determined whether the container will be handled or mechanically processed.
  • 2. Determine the assurance level or level of the test density. The level is based on the product value and the expected damage level to be tolerated. The number of units to be sent and the shipping medium information should also be taken into consideration.
  • 3. Determine the acceptance criteria. Acceptance criteria of ASTD D4169 test must be determined before the test. The criteria should take into account the condition of the product on the receipt. Organizations performing the test can choose the acceptance criteria appropriate for their purpose. 

In most cases, acceptance criteria can be:

  • Criterion 1: The product is harmless
  • Criterion 2: Package intact
  • Criterion 3: Both criteria

Select the delivery cycle. D4169 packaging tests outline a number of different delivery cycles. These loops describe several ways a package can live and contain:

  • 1. General
  • 2: User-defined
  • 3: Single package without pallet or skid, LTL engine load
  • 4: Single package with pallet or skid, LTL motor load
  • 5: Motorized load, TL, not unit
  • 6: Motorized load, TL or LTL, unit
  • 7: Rail only, bulk loaded
  • 8: Rail only, unit
  • 9: Rail and motorized load, not assembled
  • 10: Rail and motor load, unit
  • 11: Railway, TOFC and COFC
  • 12: Air and motorized load (local) above 150 pounds or combined
  • 13: Air and motorized load (local), single package up to 150 pounds
  • 14: Storage
  • 15: Export / Import shipment or roll on roller / roll for intermodal container
  • 16: Export / Import shipment for palletized cargo ship
  • 17: Export / Import shipment for a break bulk carrier
  • 18: Non-commercial government shipments in accordance with MIL-STD 2073-1

Write the test plan. ASTM D4169 outlines a number of hazard items and test plans to choose from. They include:

  • Table A: Handling, manual and mechanical. It includes manual handling, loading, unloading, stacking, sorting or palletising. The main hazards arising from these activities are those caused by dropping or throwing. Several test method options are allowed. These include free fall and simulated drop testing using shock machines.
  • Table B: Warehouse stacking. This packet test method determines the ability of the shipping unit to withstand compression loads. These loads occur during warehouse storage or vehicle transportation.
  • Table C: Vehicle stacking. The required loading should take into account the effects of the length of the storage time. Other issues include container stacking arrangement, container strength variability, load bearing method, and vibration. Environmental effects such as moisture content and temperature should also be taken into account.
  • Table D: Stacked vibration. This test method determines the ability to withstand vertical vibration and compression caused by vehicle stacking.
  • Table E: Vehicle vibration. This vibration does not include compression from vehicle stacking. Acceptable vibration testing may include sinus vibration and random vibration.
  • Table F: Loose load vibration. This simulates repetitive shocks that occur during the transportation of bulk or loose loads.
  • Table G: Rail replacement. There are several levels of acceleration and compression forces that occur during rail switching operations.
  • Table H: Environmental hazard. This program describes rapid changes in environmental conditions. These are mostly related to the military distribution of the material. These conditions include moisture, temperature shock, solar radiation, and water spray.
  • Table I: Low pressure hazard. When packaged products are transported by certain methods, the drop in pressure should be taken into account. These methods include land routes via feeder planes or mountain passes.
  • Table J: Concentrated effect. Packages often experience many effects during sorting and shipping. This packet testing program simulates these effects.

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