The ASTM D785 test or Rockwell Hardness test is a hardness measurement based on the net increase in impression depth when a load is applied. Hardness numbers have no units and are usually given on the R, L, M, E, and K scales. Higher numbers indicate harder materials.
A standard sample is placed on the surface of the Rockwell Hardness tester. A small load is applied and the indicator is set to zero. The main load is applied by opening a lever. After 15 seconds, the main load is removed. The sample is allowed to recover for 15 seconds and then hardness is read from the dial with the small load still applied. Sample size: A standard 6,4 mm (0,25 inch) thick sample is either molded or cut from a sheet.
| scale | Small Load (kg) | Large Load (kg) | Indent Diameter (inch) | Indentation Diameter (mm) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| $ | 10 | 60 | 0,5 | 12.7 |
| L | 10 | 60 | 0.25 | 6.35 |
| M | 10 | 100 | 0.25 | 6.35 |
| E | 10 | 100 | 0.125 | 3.175 |
| K | 10 | 150 | 0.125 | 3.175 |
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