Genetically modified organisms are briefly defined as GMOs. The English abbreviation for this concept is GMO (genetically modified organisms). In fact, it does not have such a brilliant reputation anywhere in the world. Many people view genetically modified organisms as a bad product.
As a matter of fact, the population of the world is increasing and nutritional needs are increasing while resources are depleted. According to the explanations of the scientists, studies in genetic engineering, for example, to increase the resistance of plants to drought, focus on isolating this feature, transferring this feature to the desired organism and then reproducing this organism.
In fact, a new gene is not created in the laboratory environment, genes are isolated from organisms. For example, if a plant is resistant to a particular pest, that trait is isolated and this places it in another plant that is not resistant.
According to estimates, about 80 percent of the foodstuffs on the US market shelves today contain ingredients from genetically modified products. These products are made into a wide variety of ingredients such as vegetable oils and flavorings used in the food supply. There are a number of products derived from GMO seeds, including, the simplest of them, apples, potatoes, corn, canola, alfalfa, soybeans, papaya, cotton and sugar beet. For example, in this way, the browning gene of apples and potatoes is turned off or the genes that control the flesh color of pineapples are changed. Some products are subject to gene regulation. For example, salmon fish have been genetically modified to gain weight faster. However, this type of salmon is not grown in the USA.
Farmers generally choose seeds in line with the demands of the market. Weeds, on the other hand, are turning to GMO seeds to reduce yield loss or crop damage from diseases and insects, or to grow crops in harsh weather conditions such as drought. It grows GMO crops to reduce costs, reduce the environmental impact of agricultural activities and obtain more yields.
According to the statements of the experts, it is neither good nor bad for genetically modified organisms. GMO production is considered beneficial as it allows farmers to deal with insects, weeds, bacteria and other pests that reduce crop yields. GMO production also ensures the use of less pesticides and thus the damage to the environment is low. For example, while in traditional production, pesticides are given to corn every 3-4 days, GMO corn is given only 3-4 times a season. This is a very important advantage in terms of both cost and environmental protection.
However, doubts about the effects of GMOs on human health are increasing. While these doubts are natural and understandable, they lack a proven basis for today. Nevertheless, two very good reasons are suggested to be wary of GMOs: application and effectiveness. In terms of application, most of the GMO plants generally produced are plants that provide resistance to a particular herbicide. In terms of efficiency, GMO varieties are being developed that are drought tolerant or allow crops to be grown with less nitrogen, ie lower fertilizer levels and similar soils.
In short, there is a lot of evidence that products containing genetically modified organisms and that food derived from these products are safe to consume. Farmers continue to use GMO seeds for environmental reasons and to avoid high costs.
While concerns and cultural pressures may cause confusion, this technology and other technologies that will follow it are very promising for the future of agriculture. Consuming GMO or non-GMO food is entirely up to people's choice. However, GMO / GMO tests are carried out in advanced laboratories in order to make people feel safe. Currently, there is no data showing that GMO foods create negative health effects in humans.
Genetically modified organism tests help grain growers, suppliers, processors and consumers to determine and track the genetic identity of plants at all stages of food production.
In general, when detecting genetically modified organisms in foodstuffs, one of two effective test methods is preferred: DNA-based test methods and protein-based test methods.
In DNA-based test methods, the genome of the plant is analyzed to detect the presence of a genetic modification. The genome contains the complete genetic instructions of an organism. Each genome contains all the information needed to build that organism and allow it to grow and develop. These instructions in the genome are made up of DNA. Inside DNA is a chemical code that guides growth, development, and health. While genetically modified organisms are detected based on DNA, a very special technology is used.
When applying protein-based test methods, special equipment, also known as strips or dip rods, and ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent test plates are used.
Which of these test methods is appropriate depends on the food production process from which the sample was taken. For example, bulk grain can be tested using both protein-based and DNA-based methods. However, processed grains can only be tested using DNA-based methods.
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