NIJ 0108.01 Test Standard for Ballistic Resistant Protective Materials

This standard is applicable to all ballistic resistant materials (armor) intended to provide protection against gunfire, with the exception of police body armor and ballistic helmets, which are the subject of individual NIJ performance standards. Many different types of armor are now available, ranging from those designed to protect against small-caliber handguns in ballistic resistance to those designed to protect against high-powered rifles.

Ballistic resistant materials are used to manufacture portable ballistic shields such as ballistic panels for use by a police officer, to provide ballistic protection for stationary structures such as control rooms or guard stations, and to provide ballistic protection for occupants of vehicles. Ballistic resistant materials used to manufacture armor include metals, ceramics, clear glass, fabrics, and fabric-reinforced plastics. They are used individually or in combination, depending on the intended threat protection.

The ballistic threat posed by a projectile depends, among other things, on its composition, shape, caliber, mass and impact velocity. Due to the wide variety of cartridges and handloads available in a given caliber, armor to beat a standard test round may or may not defeat other loads of the same caliber. For example, an armor that prevents penetration of a 357-magnum test round may or may not defeat a higher speed 357 Magnum round. Similarly, for the same strike rates, non-deforming or armor-piercing poses a significantly greater penetration threat than an equivalent lead-core projectile of the same caliber. The test munitions specified in this standard represent common threats to the law enforcement community.

A precise procedure that produces a test result; Examples of test methods include, but are not limited to; the identification, measurement and evaluation of one or more attributes, attributes or characteristics. A statement of precision and bias should be reported at the end of a test method.

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