ISO 10545-14 Ceramic Tiles - Part 14: Determination of Resistance to Stains

Material Testing

ISO 10545-14 Ceramic Tiles - Part 14: Determination of Resistance to Stains

This part of the ISO 10545 standard, developed by the International Standards Organization (ISO), specifies a method for determining the resistance of a suitable surface of ceramic tiles to stains.

ISO 10545-14 Ceramic Tiles - Part 14: Determination of Resistance to Stains

Determination of stain resistance with test solutions and materials in contact with the appropriate surface of the tiles for an appropriate period of time; The surfaces are then subjected to defined cleaning methods and finally inspected for visual changes.

Porcelain tiles can be exposed to many chemical and mechanical effects during their daily use. While many chemicals such as dirt, staining agents, detergent, food and derivatives in contact with the surface, cleaning materials and ink affect the tile, impact and scratching as a result of human body contact (cleaning, walking on the tile, etc.), or different materials interacting with the surface. Mechanical effects such as tile can also cause wear over time.

For the staining and cleaning processes, a method determined by the accredited laboratory was used in accordance with both the standard and the daily usage conditions of the tiles. For each series, the staining class of the products was determined by performing the ISO 10545-14 Ceramic Tiles - Stain Resistance Determination test simultaneously with the staining process. Then, the test method determined by the laboratory was applied to each product. By determining the surface properties of the products, the relationship between the surface characteristics and morphology of the products and their cleanability performance has been revealed.

Cleanability can be defined as the efficient removal of stains created on the tile surface by various substances or the ease of removing the stains completely. Changes such as the deterioration of the product surface due to abrasion events, the formation of stains and dirt traces in the worn areas as they are used, also appear as a problem for the manufacturers, even if the products are used in the right places. The problem is the cleanability problem, which becomes difficult in the abraded areas as a result of the fact that the abrasion initially reveals the pores in the material within the thickness of the glaze, regardless of the product type in floor coverings.

Studies show that there is a strong relationship between the cleanability of the tile surface and the ceramic surface microstructure4. It has been determined that the easiest to clean tiles are porcelain tiles with the smoothest surface (Ra), round-shaped pores (Pro) and a small amount of large pores (1-5 µm). . Therefore, it is concluded that tile manufacturers should give importance to the sintering process as well as the polishing process. A suitable rapid firing regime will prevent microstructure development and consequent pore enlargement, thus ensuring an accurate polishing operation and minimal surface roughness.

Among the services provided by our organization within the framework of material testing services, there are also ISO 10545-14 standard tests.

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