ISO 34-1 Rubber, Vulcanized or Thermoplastic - Determination of Tear Strength - Standard Test for Trousers, Angle and Crescent Test Pieces

This part of ISO 34 specifies three test methods for determining the tear strength of vulcanized or thermoplastic rubber. The tear strength value obtained depends on the shape of the test piece, the strain rate and the temperature of the test. It may also be sensitive to grain effects in rubber.

• Method A, using a pant test piece;
• Method B using an angle test piece with or without a notch at a given depth;
• Method C, using a notched crescent test piece.

The tear strength value obtained depends on the shape of the test piece, the strain rate and the temperature of the test. It may also be sensitive to grain effects in rubber.

Method A: Using a pant test piece

Method A using the trousers test piece is preferred as it is not sensitive to the length of the cut, unlike the other two test pieces where the notch must be checked very closely. In addition, the results obtained are more easily related to the basic tear properties of the material and are less sensitive to modulus effects, and the tear propagation rate is directly related to the clutch release rate. In some rubbers the propagation of the tear is not uniform and the results can be difficult to analyze.

Method B: Using an angle test piece without a notch

This test is a combination of rupture initiation and propagation. Tension builds up at the angle point until it is sufficient to initiate a tear, and then other stresses propagate the tear. However, it is only possible to measure the total force required to break the test piece, and therefore the force cannot be resolved in the two components that produce the initiation and propagation.

Method B: Using a notch angle test

This test measures the force required to spread a notch already formed in the test piece. The spreading velocity is not directly related to the jaw velocity. This test also measures the force required to spread a notch already produced in the test piece, and the spreading velocity is not related to the jaw velocity.

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