In the standard “DIN 28090-2 Static gaskets for flange connections - Gaskets made of sheets - Part 2: Special test procedures for quality assurance” developed by the German Institute for Standardization (DIN), it is stated that the gasket plate materials specified in the standards DIN 28091-1 to DIN 28091-4 and test methods of gaskets produced from these materials are explained.
Gaskets are seals installed between mating flange faces. When the flanges are mated, the applied compressive force (due to bolt torque) holds the gasket in position between the two flanges. Flange gaskets generally fall into three main categories:
Soft seals (non-metallic seals) have a large contact sealing area and are only suitable for low-pressure applications. The use of soft gaskets is mostly limited to flat-surface flanges, but it is also possible to use them with raised-surface flanges. Regardless of the type of flange used, a soft gasket is attached to the serrated flange surface to prevent poor sealing.
Rigid seals (metallic seals) have a small contact sealing area and are used for medium to high pressure applications. Because metallic gaskets are hard, they must have a small sealing surface to achieve the necessary pressure to deform the gasket and achieve a reliable seal. The most common type of metallic seal is the ring type connection.
Composite gaskets consist of two or more materials. Soft material is placed between the sealing surfaces of the flange to ensure the necessary sealing. The harder material gives the gasket greater rigidity and strength, which helps the softer material resist deformation effects such as compression, torsion and bursting. Composite seals are used over a wide range of pressures and temperatures and are therefore available in all pressure classes.
Gasket sheets are sheets of gasket material that can be cut and used as a quick, cost-effective replacement of gaskets. It is usually made from tough, flexible materials such as cork, rubber, graphite and nitrile and is used to create leak-proof gaskets in different industries. Available in a variety of sheet sizes and thicknesses, gasket sheets are ideal for custom fittings or making instant replacements without the need to wait.
Gaskets are created by cutting out a sheet of material into the shape of the joint to be sealed. A gasket, often paired with an O-ring, is used around the connection between pipes or ducts to create a leak-proof, compressible seal that allows the continuous flow of liquid or gas within the piping system. There are different types of gaskets depending on the application in which they are used, such as vehicle gaskets used in cars, airplanes, boats, and similar engines, and flange gaskets used in duct and pipe systems.
If gasket sheets are used, it is necessary to consider all factors of the application or project to ensure that the most suitable material is selected. Chemical compatibility, operating temperatures and pressures are all factors that affect the gasket material. Natural rubber provides good protection against most gases and mild acids or alkalis, but natural rubber is not suitable for oils, fuels or high pressure/high temperature applications. In contrast, cork gaskets are quite economical and easy to compress. It does not react aggressively with most substances and has excellent vibration damping properties, but is somewhat inferior in mechanical strength under significant torsion. Nitrile rubber, on the other hand, is effective against oil, water and some grease leaks, while nitrile rubber seals are relatively chemically resistant. However, it is not suitable for strong oxidizing agents, chlorines and ketones.
Among the numerous testing, measurement, analysis and evaluation studies carried out for businesses in various sectors, our organization, with its trained and expert staff and advanced technological equipment, has established "DIN 28090-2 Static gaskets for flange connections - Gaskets made of sheets - Part 2: For quality assurance" It also provides testing services in accordance with the "special test procedures" standard.
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