NFPA 704 Standard for Identifying Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response

Product Sufficiency Tests

NFPA 704 Standard for Identifying Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response

It identifies the "Safety Square" or "Fire Apple" used by emergency personnel to quickly and easily identify the risks posed by hazardous materials. This helps determine what special equipment, if any, should be used, the procedures followed, or the precautions taken in the early stages of an emergency response.

NFPA 704 Standard for Identifying Hazards of Materials for Emergency Response

The four sections are typically color-coded for special hazards with red indicating flammability on the top, blue health hazard level on the left, yellow on the right for chemical reactivity, and white. Health, flammability and reactivity are each rated from 0 (no hazard) to 4 (severe hazard).

Flammability(Red)

0, Materials that do not burn under typical fire conditions (eg, carbon tetrachloride), including non-self-combustible materials such as concrete, stone and sand. Contains materials that do not burn in air when exposed to temperatures of 5 °C (820 °F) for a period of 1.500 minutes.

1, Materials (e.g. mineral oil, ammonia) that require significant preheating before ignition and combustion can occur under all ambient temperature conditions. It contains some finely divided suspended solids that do not require heating before ignition can occur. Flash point is 93.3 °C (200 °F) or above.

2, Must be moderately heated or exposed to relatively high ambient temperature before ignition can occur (e.g. diesel fuel, paper, sulfur, and a large number of finely divided suspended solids that do not require heating before ignition occurs). Its flash point is between 37,8 and 93.3 °C (100 and 200 °F).

3, Liquids and solids (including finely divided suspended solids) that can ignite under almost all ambient temperature conditions (eg gasoline, acetone). Includes liquids with a flash point below 22.8 °C (73 °F) and a boiling point at or above 37.8 °C (100 °F), or between 22.8 and 37.8 °C (73 and 100 °F).

4, It evaporates rapidly or completely at normal atmospheric pressure and temperature, or easily disperses in air and burns easily. (eg acetylene, propane, hydrogen gas, diborane). Contains pyrophoric substances. It has a flash point below room temperature at 22.8 °C (73 °F).

Health(Blue)

0, Does not pose a health hazard, does not require precautions and does not present any danger beyond ordinary combustible materials (eg wood, paper).

1, Exposure causes irritation with only minor residual injuries. (eg acetone, sodium bromate, potassium chloride)

2, Intensive or sustained but not chronic exposure may cause temporary disability or possible residual injury (eg diethyl ether , ammonium phosphate , carbon dioxide , iodine , chloroform , DEET ).

3, Short term exposure may cause serious temporary or moderate residual injury. (e.g. liquid hydrogen, sulfuric acid, calcium hypochlorite, carbon monoxide, hexafluorosilicic acid, zinc chloride)

4, Very brief exposure may cause death or major residual injury. (eg hydrogen cyanide, phosgene, diborane, methyl isocyanate, hydrofluoric acid)

Indecision(Yellow)

0, Normally stable even under fire exposure conditions and non-reactive with water. (eg helium)

2, Normally stable, but may become unstable at high temperatures and pressures. (eg propene)

3, Explosive or capable of explosive decomposition, but require a strong initiator source, must be heated in closed environment before starting, explosive reaction with water or explode when severely shocked. (e.g. ammonium nitrate, cesium, diborane, hydrogen peroxide)

4, Capable of easily detonating or explosively decomposing at normal temperatures and pressures. (e.g. nitroglycerin, chlorine dioxide, nitrogen triiodide, manganese heptoxide, azidoazid azide, TNT)

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